{"id":2193,"date":"2017-09-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-09-13T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/?p=2193"},"modified":"2020-05-05T08:32:38","modified_gmt":"2020-05-05T08:32:38","slug":"les-meduses-del-mediterrani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/ca\/les-meduses-del-mediterrani\/","title":{"rendered":"Les meduses del Mediterrani"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Fotografia d’un individu de Pelagia noctiluca<\/em>. Cr\u00e8dits: Eduardo Obis (ICM-CSIC).<\/p>\n

Post de Laura L\u00f3pez<\/strong> i Macarena Marambio<\/strong>, investigadores de l’Institut de Ci\u00e8ncies del Mar (ICM-CSIC).<\/p>\n

A l’estiu, un dels temes rellevants \u00e9s la pres\u00e8ncia de meduses a les platges. Es diu que cada any hi ha m\u00e9s meduses, que totes piquen i s\u00f3n mortals, per\u00f2 aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s del tot cert. Podem afirmar que totes les meduses posseeixen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules urticants, per\u00f2 no totes generen picades en humans i al Mediterrani no es coneixen esp\u00e8cies mortals. Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules urticants es diuen cnid\u00f2cits i s\u00f3n c\u00e0psules amb ver\u00ed que s’activen per estimulaci\u00f3 f\u00edsica o qu\u00edmica. Estan distribu\u00efdes a tot el cos de la medusa i tenen funci\u00f3 d’alimentaci\u00f3 i defensa. En entrar en contacte amb la nostra pell es disparen i provoquen l’entrada de ver\u00ed al nostre cos.<\/p>\n

Que cada any hi ha m\u00e9s meduses tampoc no \u00e9s del tot cert. Les dades recopilades fins ara s\u00f3n indicatives que aquest augment no \u00e9s progressiu sin\u00f3 una cosa m\u00e9s aviat c\u00edclica. A Catalunya hi ha una xarxa d’observaci\u00f3 de meduses activa cada estiu que cobreix tota la costa amb m\u00e9s de dues-centes platges com a punts fixos d’informaci\u00f3 di\u00e0ria i constant. Tota la informaci\u00f3 recollida conforma una base de dades de m\u00e9s de deu anys que, un cop analitzada, permetr\u00e0 obtenir una imatge real de les meduses a la costa catalana.<\/p>\n

Una de les esp\u00e8cies de meduses presents a Catalunya, i potser la m\u00e9s important, \u00e9s Pelagia noctiluca. <\/em>L’arribada massiva d’individus d’aquesta esp\u00e8cie oce\u00e0nica a la costa dep\u00e8n del seu \u00e8xit reproductiu en alta mar i de diversos factors f\u00edsics i mediambientals que l’arrosseguen. Quan arriba a les platges, la seva pres\u00e8ncia es considera de perillositat alta perqu\u00e8 la picada que produeix \u00e9s dolorosa i amb efectes d\u00e8rmics importants.<\/p>\n

Una altra esp\u00e8cie rellevant \u00e9s Rhizostoma pulmo,<\/em> la m\u00e9s gran de la costa catalana. Presenta una estacionalitat molt marcada, i les petites meduses o \u00e8fires s\u00f3n visibles a la primavera i les adultes a l’estiu i la tardor. Com que \u00e9s una esp\u00e8cie costanera, la seva pres\u00e8ncia en certes zones \u00e9s totalment esperable cada estiu. La picada d’aquesta esp\u00e8cie \u00e9s menys dolorosa que la de P. noctiluca,<\/em> per\u00f2 depenent de la persona afectada pot tenir un efecte important a la pell, per la qual cosa es recomana evitar el contacte amb aquesta medusa durant el bany i fora de l’aigua.<\/p>\n

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Fotografia d’un remol\u00ed de Pelagia noctiluca. <\/em>Cr\u00e8dits: Giacomo Milisenda.<\/p>\n

La tercera esp\u00e8cie a esmentar \u00e9s Cotylorhiza tuberculata<\/em> coneguda comunament com a \u00abou ferrat\u00bb a causa de la seva aparen\u00e7a tan particular. \u00c9s una esp\u00e8cie costanera, estacional (de primavera a tardor) i end\u00e8mica del Mediterrani. La seva pres\u00e8ncia sol ser en grans eixams, per\u00f2 l’impacte en les platges no \u00e9s tan alt, ja que \u00e9s una esp\u00e8cie amb una capacitat urticant baixa i sol apar\u00e8ixer quan l’ocupaci\u00f3 a les platges \u00e9s m\u00ednima. Un contacte accidental amb C. tuberculata<\/em> podria no tenir cap efecte en la pell o que aquest fos m\u00ednim.<\/p>\n

Hi ha altres esp\u00e8cies com V. velella,<\/em> Aurelia<\/em> spp.<\/em>, C. hysoscella,<\/em> C. marsupialis,<\/em> P. porpita,<\/em> P. punctata,<\/em> M. leidyi,<\/em> entre d’altres, que tamb\u00e9 poden estar presents a la costa catalana, per\u00f2 el nombre de registres no supera el 0,5% del total i moltes es troben en punts molt localitzats. Per aquesta ra\u00f3 es consideren molt poc rellevants, cosa que deixa les tres esp\u00e8cies ja esmentades com a protagonistes absolutes de l’estiu a la costa catalana.<\/p>\n

Tot i que encara no tenim el nombre exacte de picades de medusa que s’han produ\u00eft aquest estiu a la costa catalana, podem afirmar que la pres\u00e8ncia de Pelagia noctiluca<\/em> en el per\u00edode de juny a agost no ha estat tan evident si la comparem amb l’any passat.<\/p>\n

Recerca puntera en la detecci\u00f3 de les meduses<\/strong><\/p>\n

El Grup de Recerca de Meduses de l’Institut de Ci\u00e8ncies del Mar (ICM-CSIC), que t\u00e9 el suport del Projecte RECLAIMED, impulsat per la Fundaci\u00f3 Banc\u00e0ria “la Caixa”, t\u00e9 l’objectiu de desenvolupar eines de prevenci\u00f3 i mitigaci\u00f3 de les meduses al Mediterrani. D’aquesta manera es pret\u00e9n minimitzar l’impacte de la pres\u00e8ncia de meduses a zones costaneres.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

Fotografia d’un individu de Pelagia noctiluca<\/em>. Cr\u00e8dits: Eduardo Obis (ICM-CSIC).<\/p>\n

Post de Laura L\u00f3pez i Macarena Marambio, investigadores de l’Institut de Ci\u00e8ncies del Mar (ICM-CSIC).<\/p>\n

A l’estiu, un dels temes rellevants \u00e9s la pres\u00e8ncia de meduses a les platges. Es diu que cada any hi ha m\u00e9s meduses, que totes piquen i s\u00f3n mortals, per\u00f2 aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s del tot cert. Podem afirmar que totes les meduses posseeixen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules urticants, per\u00f2 no totes generen picades en humans i al Mediterrani no es coneixen esp\u00e8cies mortals. Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules urticants es diuen cnid\u00f2cits i s\u00f3n c\u00e0psules amb ver\u00ed que s’activen per estimulaci\u00f3 f\u00edsica o qu\u00edmica. Estan distribu\u00efdes a tot el cos de la medusa i tenen funci\u00f3 d’alimentaci\u00f3 i defensa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2683,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[519],"tags":[365,262],"class_list":["post-2193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-investigacio","tag-recerca","tag-reclaimed"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes meduses del Mediterrani - Blog CaixaCi\u00e8ncia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/ca\/les-meduses-del-mediterrani\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les meduses del Mediterrani - Blog CaixaCi\u00e8ncia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Fotografia d’un individu de Pelagia noctiluca. 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