{"id":2179,"date":"2017-11-15T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-11-15T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/?p=2179"},"modified":"2020-05-05T08:32:31","modified_gmt":"2020-05-05T08:32:31","slug":"el-retorn-economic-social-i-ambiental-de-lagricultura-social","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/ca\/el-retorn-economic-social-i-ambiental-de-lagricultura-social\/","title":{"rendered":"El retorn econ\u00f2mic, social i ambiental de l\u2019agricultura social"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Post d\u2019Antoni F. Tulla, Nat\u00e0lia Valldeperas <\/strong>i Carles Guirado<\/strong>, i de l\u2019Equip de Recerca en Agricultura Social (ERAS) del Departament de Geografia de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB). Dret d\u2019imatges: equip de recerca ERAS – UAB.<\/p>\n

L\u2019agricultura social (AS) \u00e9s una pr\u00e0ctica emergent i din\u00e0mica al m\u00f3n rural de Catalunya i Europa. Es pot definir com un proc\u00e9s d\u2019inclusi\u00f3 social i apoderament de col\u00b7lectius en risc d\u2019exclusi\u00f3 social (RES) per mitj\u00e0 de l\u2019ocupaci\u00f3 en activitats agr\u00e0ries. Per tant, l\u2019inter\u00e8s per aquesta pr\u00e0ctica \u00e9s el potencial i l\u2019impacte positiu que t\u00e9 en l\u2019impuls de l\u2019agricultura i l\u2019aprofitament dels recursos rurals, m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la vessant productiva, ja que millora la cohesi\u00f3 social i el benestar f\u00edsic i mental de les persones. Aix\u00ed mateix, pot esdevenir una clara estrat\u00e8gia de desenvolupament local i una aposta per una economia social, \u00e8tica i solid\u00e0ria.<\/p>\n

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Imatge de vinyes. Font: equip de recerca ERAS – UAB.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Equip de Recerca en Agricultura Social (ERAS)<\/a> del Departament de Geografia de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB) ha dut a terme la investigaci\u00f3 L\u2019agricultura social: <\/em>an\u00e0lisi econ\u00f2mica i avaluaci\u00f3 del retorn a la societat<\/em>, una iniciativa impulsada pel programa RecerCaixa, de l\u2019Obra Social \u201dla Caixa\u201d, en col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb l\u2019Associaci\u00f3 Catalana d\u2019Universitats P\u00fabliques (ACUP). Aquesta recerca defineix les caracter\u00edstiques principals de les entitats d\u2019AS a partir de l\u2019an\u00e0lisi d\u2019una selecci\u00f3 de deu projectes, per tal de con\u00e8ixer-ne amb major profunditat el model de negoci i avaluar-ne la viabilitat econ\u00f2mica i el retorn social aplicant les metodologies del llen\u00e7 de model de negoci, el retorn de la inversi\u00f3 social (SROI) i el c\u00e0lcul de r\u00e0tios financeres.<\/p>\n

Amb aquesta recerca vam demostrar que l\u2019AS \u00e9s un sector emergent i en creixement, per\u00f2 encara poc visible i amb reptes futurs importants. L\u2019any 2017 s\u2019han censat 161 entitats d\u2019aquest tipus, 119 m\u00e9s que l\u2019any 2014, un augment que es produeix per la creaci\u00f3 de noves entitats i, sobretot, per la irrupci\u00f3 del fenomen dels horts socials i comunitaris com a mesura per minimitzar els efectes de la crisi econ\u00f2mica a escala local. D\u2019aquestes 161 entitats, el 46% s\u00f3n iniciatives d\u2019inserci\u00f3 sociolaboral (74 entitats) i el 45% s\u00f3n horts socials (73 entitats), mentre que la resta (9%) treballen en l\u2019\u00e0mbit de l\u2019educaci\u00f3 i la formaci\u00f3, la ter\u00e0pia i la rehabilitaci\u00f3. L\u2019activitat d\u2019aquestes entitats se centra principalment en l\u2019horticultura, seguida de la transformaci\u00f3 agroaliment\u00e0ria i els treballs forestals, i amb menys representaci\u00f3 altres sectors com ara la ramaderia i l\u2019artesania.<\/p>\n

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Imatge de recollida d\u2019olives. Font: equip de recerca ERAS \u2013 UAB.<\/p>\n

Alguns dels resultats obtinguts revelen que els projectes d\u2019AS retornen de mitjana a la societat tres euros per cada euro invertit. El resultat total de l\u2019impacte social se situa a prop dels tres milions d\u2019euros (2.903.965,77 \u20ac) en un any d\u2019activitat (2015) de les entitats seleccionades. D\u2019aquest impacte, el 29% repercuteix en les persones usu\u00e0ries i el seu entorn, principalment les seves fam\u00edlies, mentre que el 26% correspon al territori local i el seu desenvolupament, la gesti\u00f3 ambiental del territori i la recuperaci\u00f3 d\u2019espais agraris abandonats, principalment a l\u2019espai periurb\u00e0. El 21% afecta l\u2019Administraci\u00f3 p\u00fablica, ja que pr\u00e0cticament recupera la totalitat de les subvencions, els ajuts i les inversions destinades a les entitats d\u2019aquest tipus d\u2019agricultura. El 20% pertoca a les persones gestores del projecte i l\u2019equip t\u00e8cnic, i el 4% restant \u00e9s per al voluntariat, una pe\u00e7a clau dels projectes d\u2019AS.<\/p>\n

Els reptes de futur per al sector evidencien que les entitats de l\u2019agricultura social requereixen una millor dotaci\u00f3 de t\u00e8cnics especialitzats i un pla de formaci\u00f3 per als professionals implicats. Tamb\u00e9 cal aprofundir en la formaci\u00f3 en l\u2019\u00e0mbit empresarial per tal que els projectes siguin econ\u00f2micament viables, per\u00f2 sense que el seu plantejament perdi els valors socials. Per acabar, cal dir que \u00e9s necessari establir mesures per impulsar aquest tipus d\u2019agricultura a Catalunya, com ara la creaci\u00f3 d\u2019una plataforma de suport i un banc de bones pr\u00e0ctiques, la sol\u00b7licitud de cl\u00e0usules socials a l\u2019Administraci\u00f3 p\u00fablica per a la contractaci\u00f3 de serveis o la compra de b\u00e9ns, i la creaci\u00f3 d\u2019un segell que certifiqui el valor social dels productes que aquestes entitats comercialitzen. Com s\u2019ha fet en altres pa\u00efsos, tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s necess\u00e0ria una legislaci\u00f3 espec\u00edfica per a aquest sector.<\/p>\n

M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3<\/strong><\/p>\n

Equip de Recerca en Agricultura Social (ERAS)<\/a><\/p>\n

Estudi: La agricultura social en Catalunya: innovaci\u00f3n social y dinamizaci\u00f3n agroecol\u00f3gica para la ocupaci\u00f3n de personas en riesgo de exclusi\u00f3n<\/em> (PDF)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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Post d\u2019Antoni F. Tulla, Nat\u00e0lia Valldeperas i Carles Guirado, i de l\u2019Equip de Recerca en Agricultura Social (ERAS) del Departament de Geografia de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB). Dret d\u2019imatges: equip de recerca ERAS – UAB.<\/p>\n

L\u2019agricultura social (AS) \u00e9s una pr\u00e0ctica emergent i din\u00e0mica al m\u00f3n rural de Catalunya i Europa. Es pot definir com un proc\u00e9s d\u2019inclusi\u00f3 social i apoderament de col\u00b7lectius en risc d\u2019exclusi\u00f3 social (RES) per mitj\u00e0 de l\u2019ocupaci\u00f3 en activitats agr\u00e0ries. Per tant, l\u2019inter\u00e8s per aquesta pr\u00e0ctica \u00e9s el potencial i l\u2019impacte positiu que t\u00e9 en l\u2019impuls de l\u2019agricultura i l\u2019aprofitament dels recursos rurals, m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la vessant productiva, ja que millora la cohesi\u00f3 social i el benestar f\u00edsic i mental de les persones.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2801,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[519],"tags":[365,259],"class_list":["post-2179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-investigacio","tag-recerca","tag-recercaixa"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEl retorn econ\u00f2mic, social i ambiental de l\u2019agricultura social - Blog CaixaCi\u00e8ncia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/ca\/el-retorn-economic-social-i-ambiental-de-lagricultura-social\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El retorn econ\u00f2mic, social i ambiental de l\u2019agricultura social - Blog CaixaCi\u00e8ncia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Post d\u2019Antoni F. Tulla, Nat\u00e0lia Valldeperas i Carles Guirado, i de l\u2019Equip de Recerca en Agricultura Social (ERAS) del Departament de Geografia de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB). Dret d\u2019imatges: equip de recerca ERAS – UAB. L\u2019agricultura social (AS) \u00e9s una pr\u00e0ctica emergent i din\u00e0mica al m\u00f3n rural de Catalunya i Europa. Es pot definir com un proc\u00e9s d\u2019inclusi\u00f3 social i apoderament de col\u00b7lectius en risc d\u2019exclusi\u00f3 social (RES) per mitj\u00e0 de l\u2019ocupaci\u00f3 en activitats agr\u00e0ries. 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