Gen\u00f2mica Microbiana<\/a> d\u2019IrsiCaixa, i un dels l\u00edders cient\u00edfics de l\u2019esdeveniment.<\/span><\/p>\n ![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ca\/Roger+Paredes+a+CosmoCaixa.jpg\")
Imatge: David del Val.<\/span><\/p>\n Quin \u00e9s el paper de la microbiota intestinal en la salut?<\/strong><\/p>\n El cert \u00e9s que tenim tantes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules humanes com microbianes a l\u2019organisme i, concretament, els bacteris de l\u2019intest\u00ed ens ajuden a digerir aliments i a metabolitzar subst\u00e0ncies, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 contribueixen a estimular el sistema immunitari. La microbiota intestinal actua alhora com un \u00f2rgan metab\u00f2lic i com un est\u00edmul constant del sistema immunitari. Se n\u2019est\u00e0 estudiant la relaci\u00f3 amb diverses malalties, des del VIH i altres malalties infeccioses, fins a la malaltia d\u2019Alzheimer, l\u2019esclerosi m\u00faltiple, la diabetis i el c\u00e0ncer, entre d\u2019altres.<\/p>\n
Ens en pots posar cap exemple concret?<\/strong><\/p>\n S\u2019ha evidenciat, per exemple, que si les persones amb c\u00e0ncer sotmeses a un tractament d\u2019immunoter\u00e0pia prenen antibi\u00f2tics, l\u2019efectivitat d\u2019aquesta ter\u00e0pia es pot veure redu\u00efda. A m\u00e9s, s\u2019ha identificat un dels bacteris clau en aquest proc\u00e9s, l\u2019\u2019Akkermansia muciniphila\u2019, que, administrat a ratolins que ja no responien a la immunoter\u00e0pia, fa que recuperin aquesta capacitat de lluita. Es tracta d\u2019estudis experimentals que trigaran a arribar als humans, per\u00f2 poden tenir repercussions importants en el futur.<\/p>\n
Quin paper tenen les t\u00e8cniques de seq\u00fcenciaci\u00f3 en l\u2019estudi del microbioma?<\/strong><\/p>\n Han estat clau. La seq\u00fcenciaci\u00f3 del microbioma el 2010, en qu\u00e8 va participar el Dr. Francisco Guarner, investigador del Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca i col\u00edder cient\u00edfic de The Barcelona Debates, va permetre catalogar el que era un microbioma sa. Ara, tota aquesta informaci\u00f3 \u00e9s molt \u00fatil per veure si es troba alterat en moltes malalties, com ara en la infecci\u00f3 pel VIH. Amb les noves eines de seq\u00fcenciaci\u00f3 massiva podem seq\u00fcenciar tot l\u2019ADN d\u2019una mostra de femta i identificar quins bacteris hi ha i quines funcions estan fent.<\/p>\n
IrsiCaixa focalitza la seva recerca en la sida. Quina relaci\u00f3 heu trobat entre VIH i microbioma?<\/strong><\/p>\n Hem observat que els pacients amb la immunitat m\u00e9s deteriorada tenen tamb\u00e9 el microbioma m\u00e9s alterat. Aix\u00ed que estem estudiant si hi ha manera de recuperar aquesta immunitat tot actuant sobre el microbioma, per mitj\u00e0 de nous probi\u00f2tics, per exemple. Sabem que hi ha bacteris que estimulen un tipus concret de limf\u00f2cits, els CD8, que ataquen el VIH. \u00c9s el mateix tipus d\u2019aproximaci\u00f3 que amb la immunoter\u00e0pia contra el c\u00e0ncer, i l\u2019explorem com un adjuvant: el microbioma sol no acabar\u00e0 amb el VIH, per\u00f2 pot ajudar que altres intervencions, com ara les vacunes terap\u00e8utiques, siguin m\u00e9s efectives.<\/p>\n
Per\u00f2 tot aix\u00f2 est\u00e0 en fase experimental, no \u00e9s aix\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n S\u00ed, hi estem treballant. Hi ha certa evid\u00e8ncia en ratolins, per\u00f2 cal recollir m\u00e9s dades per demostrar que \u00e9s factible, avan\u00e7ar en la recerca i despr\u00e9s estudiar com s\u2019haurien de traslladar els resultats als humans. Tamb\u00e9 hem vist que la composici\u00f3 del microbioma vaginal influeix en la probabilitat d\u2019infectar-se pel VIH, aix\u00ed que modificar la composici\u00f3 d\u2019aquest microbioma potser ajudaria a reduir les taxes d\u2019infecci\u00f3 en dones. La recerca requereix el seu temps, les solucions no s\u00f3n immediates, per\u00f2 si no ens hi posem ara, tampoc les tindrem en el futur.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
<\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n
Post de l\u2019Obra Social \u201dla Caixa\u201d<\/p>\n
Els dies 21 i 22 de juny, experts internacionals en el microbioma es van citar a CosmoCaixa amb motiu d\u2019una nova edici\u00f3 de The Barcelona Debates on the Human Microbiome. From Microbes to Medicines<\/a>. Han passat vuit anys des que es va completar la seq\u00fcenciaci\u00f3 del microbioma hum\u00e0 i, des d\u2019aleshores, s\u2019han recollit cada cop m\u00e9s evid\u00e8ncies de la seva import\u00e0ncia per a la salut. En parlem amb Roger Paredes, metge i investigador principal del grup de Gen\u00f2mica Microbiana<\/a> d\u2019IrsiCaixa, i un dels l\u00edders cient\u00edfics de l\u2019esdeveniment.<\/p>\n
Imatge: David del Val.<\/p>\n
Quin \u00e9s el paper de la microbiota intestinal en la salut?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3033,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[519],"tags":[36,145,15,365,134],"class_list":["post-2125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-investigacio","tag-cancer","tag-irsicaixa","tag-microbioma","tag-recerca","tag-vih"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
\u201cLa microbiota intestinal actua alhora com un \u00f2rgan metab\u00f2lic i com un est\u00edmul constant del sistema immunitari\u201d - Blog CaixaCi\u00e8ncia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/ca\/la-microbiota-intestinal-actua-alhora-com-un-organ-metabolic-i-com-un-estimul-constant-del-sistema-immunitari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cLa microbiota intestinal actua alhora com un \u00f2rgan metab\u00f2lic i com un est\u00edmul constant del sistema immunitari\u201d - Blog CaixaCi\u00e8ncia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Post de l\u2019Obra Social \u201dla Caixa\u201d Els dies 21 i 22 de juny, experts internacionals en el microbioma es van citar a CosmoCaixa amb motiu d\u2019una nova edici\u00f3 de The Barcelona Debates on the Human Microbiome. From Microbes to Medicines. Han passat vuit anys des que es va completar la seq\u00fcenciaci\u00f3 del microbioma hum\u00e0 i, des d\u2019aleshores, s\u2019han recollit cada cop m\u00e9s evid\u00e8ncies de la seva import\u00e0ncia per a la salut. En parlem amb Roger Paredes, metge i investigador principal del grup de Gen\u00f2mica Microbiana d\u2019IrsiCaixa, i un dels l\u00edders cient\u00edfics de l\u2019esdeveniment. Imatge: David del Val. 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