Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology<\/a> (BIST), una iniciativa de set centres de recerca d\u2019excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia de Catalunya amb l\u2019objectiu d\u2019incrementar la col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 per afavorir projectes cient\u00edfics comuns.<\/span><\/p>\n ![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ca\/BBarish_blog_1.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
El descobriment de les ones gravitacionals va despertar un gran inter\u00e8s social.<\/strong><\/p>\n Va ser molt sorprenent. Mai no haur\u00edem pensat que les ones gravitacionals podien provocar un impacte medi\u00e0tic com aquest. Pod\u00edem imaginar-nos que despertarien una mica d\u2019inter\u00e8s perqu\u00e8 Einstein les va predir en la teoria de la relativitat, per\u00f2 no sab\u00edem que en causarien tant. I ho vam gaudir molt.<\/p>\n
Van descobrir les ones gravitacionals justament cent anys despr\u00e9s que Einstein en va predir l\u2019exist\u00e8ncia. Va ser una coincid\u00e8ncia?<\/strong><\/p>\n No va ser premeditat! De fet, si en comen\u00e7ar aquest projecte m\u2019haguessin preguntat quant de temps tardar\u00edem a detectar-les, hauria dit que serien deu anys menys. Vam comen\u00e7ar el 1994 i no vam veure les primeres ones fins al 2015. 21 anys en total.<\/p>\n
Pensar en acabar un projecte al cap de 10 anys no deu ser f\u00e0cil. Qu\u00e8 se sent quan passen 21 anys?<\/strong><\/p>\n Hi ha tants passos i \u00e8xits al llarg del cam\u00ed que no sembla que passin tants anys. Es tractava d\u2019un projecte gran, complex i desafiant, i el fet de veure-ho com un gran repte el va convertir en una cosa molt divertida.<\/p>\n
D\u2019on procedien les primeres ones gravitacionals que van detectar?<\/strong><\/p>\n De la col\u00b7lisi\u00f3 de dos forats negres que es trobaven a 1.300 milions d\u2019anys llum de dist\u00e0ncia. Un forat negre es forma quan un estel molt gran \u2014unes tres o quatre vegades la grand\u00e0ria del nostre Sol\u2014 exhaureix el combustible i col\u00b7lapsa amb ell mateix. S\u00f3n regions de l\u2019espai de les quals no es pot escapar res, ni tan sols la llum. Nosaltres vam detectar les ones gravitacionals que es van produir quan dos d\u2019aquests cossos van xocar.<\/p>\n
Quins altres esdeveniments c\u00f2smics es podrien detectar amb LIGO?<\/strong><\/p>\n Ja hem detectat ones gravitacionals provinents de la col\u00b7lisi\u00f3 de dues estrelles de neutrons. Aquestes estrelles es formen en un proc\u00e9s similar al dels forats negres per\u00f2, en aquest cas, no es tracta de cossos massius, sin\u00f3 d\u2019estrelles petites com el nostre Sol. Quan col\u00b7lapsen, generen mat\u00e8ria nuclear superdensa, concentrada en una esfera perfecta que, a m\u00e9s, emet radiaci\u00f3 gravitacional. Nosaltres vam detectar la col\u00b7lisi\u00f3 de dos d\u2019aquests cossos.<\/p>\n
I quines conclusions van treure d\u2019aquesta observaci\u00f3?<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c9s possible que haguem descobert l\u2019origen dels metalls pesants de la Terra. Fins ara els f\u00edsics no sab\u00edem d\u2019on provenien els metalls pesants que trobem en objectes quotidians com el teu anell de plata. La major part de l\u2019univers est\u00e0 fet d\u2019hidrogen i heli, i el proc\u00e9s de fusi\u00f3 que t\u00e9 lloc a les estrelles dona lloc a elements com el ferro. Per\u00f2, la resta? Gr\u00e0cies a LIGO, hem demostrat que la majoria dels metalls pesants, com l\u2019or o la plata, provenen d\u2019aquesta col\u00b7lisi\u00f3 entre dues estrelles de neutrons.<\/p>\n
Per qu\u00e8 es va interessar per la f\u00edsica? Qu\u00e8 hauria estudiat si no?<\/strong><\/p>\n Quan estava a l\u2019institut no tenia ni idea de qu\u00e8 tractava la f\u00edsica. Era molt bo en matem\u00e0tiques, aix\u00ed que, en graduar-me, vaig decidir estudiar enginyeria a la Universitat de Berkeley. Tan aviat com vaig entrar a la universitat, vaig comen\u00e7ar a odiar l\u2019enginyeria… Em vaig plantejar canviar a matem\u00e0tiques, tamb\u00e9 m\u2019agradava molt el tennis, per\u00f2 no hi tenia gaire tra\u00e7a (riu).<\/p>\n
Per\u00f2 es va quedar a Berkeley, oi?<\/strong><\/p>\n En aquella \u00e8poca Berkeley estava fent grans progressos en la f\u00edsica de part\u00edcules, aix\u00ed que vaig decidir estudiar f\u00edsica. Jo no sabia massa b\u00e9 quin futur tindria, els meus pares no entenien res… Per\u00f2 va ser molt emocionant. I, saps? Aquesta emoci\u00f3 encara em captiva avui en dia.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
<\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n
Post de l\u2019Obra Social \u201dla Caixa\u201d<\/p>\n
Barry Barish \u00e9s un f\u00edsic experimental de l\u2019Institut de Tecnologia de Calif\u00f2rnia (CalTech<\/a>). La seva contribuci\u00f3 al descobriment de les ones gravitacionals al laboratori LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational – Wave Observatory<\/a>) el va portar a guanyar el Premi Nobel de F\u00edsica el 2017 juntament amb els seus companys Kip Thorne i Rainer Weiss. El 27 de juny va impartir la xerrada inaugural de la Confer\u00e8ncia Anual<\/a> del Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology<\/a> (BIST), una iniciativa de set centres de recerca d\u2019excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia de Catalunya amb l\u2019objectiu d\u2019incrementar la col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 per afavorir projectes cient\u00edfics comuns.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2552,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[519],"tags":[96,229,459,460,365],"class_list":["post-2123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-investigacio","tag-barcelona-institute-of-science-and-technology-bist","tag-fisica","tag-ones-gravitacionals","tag-premi-nobel","tag-recerca"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cLa majoria dels metalls pesants, com l\u2019or o la plata, provenen de la col\u00b7lisi\u00f3 d\u2019estrelles de neutrons\u201d - Blog CaixaCi\u00e8ncia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/ca\/la-majoria-dels-metalls-pesants-com-lor-o-la-plata-provenen-de-la-collisio-destrelles-de-neutrons\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cLa majoria dels metalls pesants, com l\u2019or o la plata, provenen de la col\u00b7lisi\u00f3 d\u2019estrelles de neutrons\u201d - Blog CaixaCi\u00e8ncia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Post de l\u2019Obra Social \u201dla Caixa\u201d Barry Barish \u00e9s un f\u00edsic experimental de l\u2019Institut de Tecnologia de Calif\u00f2rnia (CalTech). La seva contribuci\u00f3 al descobriment de les ones gravitacionals al laboratori LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational – Wave Observatory) el va portar a guanyar el Premi Nobel de F\u00edsica el 2017 juntament amb els seus companys Kip Thorne i Rainer Weiss. El 27 de juny va impartir la xerrada inaugural de la Confer\u00e8ncia Anual del Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), una iniciativa de set centres de recerca d\u2019excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia de Catalunya amb l\u2019objectiu d\u2019incrementar la col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 per afavorir projectes cient\u00edfics comuns.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/ca\/la-majoria-dels-metalls-pesants-com-lor-o-la-plata-provenen-de-la-collisio-destrelles-de-neutrons\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog CaixaCi\u00e8ncia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-07-03T00:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-05-05T08:31:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ca\/BBarish_blog_1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"250\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"La Caixa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrit per\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"La Caixa\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/ca\/la-majoria-dels-metalls-pesants-com-lor-o-la-plata-provenen-de-la-collisio-destrelles-de-neutrons\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blog.caixaresearch.org\/ca\/la-majoria-dels-metalls-pesants-com-lor-o-la-plata-provenen-de-la-collisio-destrelles-de-neutrons\/\",\"name\":\"\u201cLa majoria dels metalls pesants, com l\u2019or o la plata, provenen de la col\u00b7lisi\u00f3 d\u2019estrelles de neutrons\u201d - 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